ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

Technology is advancing faster and taking less time to be widely adopted than ever before. Now it seems we are at the dawn of new age of Artificial Intelligence.

Definition

Artificial Intelligence is a branch of computer science that deals with the study design of computer systems that exhibit some form of intelligence.

In simple words

AI is teaching the machine and machine becoming smart.
AI is built on us the humans.
AI is mimicking our thought process.
AI is basically an emulation of us the humans.
AI interprets and simulates human expressions.

Need and Importance of AI

AI is undoubtedly one of biggest emerging phenomenon that has the potential to serve the humankind. AI is definitely the future of the world. The day is not far away where one can see the robots running the farms as well as giant organizations.AI can make us the human beings more efficient. It is leading towards the development of autonomous systems. AI can drive the economy of tomorrow. If properly harnessed, AI can generate enormous prosperity for people, opportunity for people and can cure diseases that we haven’t seen before. AI can make our lives easier and safer because it eliminates inherent human errors in a lot of work. When we think about a lot of problems today, it is because we typically have a constraint on resources. But AI for the first time intends to offer a different construct. Today it is really difficult to educate people in a cost effective way. But this eqation might fundamentally change in coming future with the advent of AI. Also AI can make it possible for us to have access to clean, cheap, renewable energy for the future.

The rate of improvement is really dramatic and we have to figure out some way to ensure that the advent of digital superintelligence is one which is symbiotic with humanity. Human cooperation with intelligent machines will define the next era of history.AI is a fruitful phenomenon for creativity. Its a new tool for human that can change several aspects of the present day work. Machines are going to interact with humans just the way we interact with one another i.e through perception, conversation etc. As AI continues to become mainstream it needs to really understand human.

Challenges of AI

Reasoning, problem solving
Knowledge representation
Planning
Learning
Natural Language Processing
Perception
Motion and Manipulation
Social Intelligence
General Intelligence

Basic Elements of AI

AI is a superset which in turn contains the subsets namely machine learning and deep learning.

Machine Learning-In order to undergo the transition from weak AI to Strong AI, machines need to learn the ways of humans, the techniques and processes which help machines in this endeavour are broadly classified as machine learning. Machines learn in predominantly two ways. Their learning is either supervised or unsupervised. In supervised learning machines learn to predict outcomes with help from data scientists. In case of unsupervised learning machines learn to predict outcomes instantly by recognition of patterns in the input data.

Deep Learning-Deep learning is a subset of machine learning. Deep learning is inspired by the structure of human brain and is called as an artificial neural network. These networks contain nodes in different layers that are connected and communicate with each other to make sense of voluminous input data. Deep learning requires high performance computing and large amount of data and hence the model can take a long time to train.

Applications of AI

Artificial intelligence has impacted numerous fields within a reach of a human. Since they combine precision and computational power with pure logic, to solve problems and reduce error in operations. Some of the applications are as follows;

Banking
It is a well-known fact that at present numerous transactions are happening over the internet .i.e online banking. This has all been possible because banks have embraced the culture of AI by integrating the systems with AI. And also the mobile apps dedicated to banking are at everyone’s fingertips making banking activities much easier.

Healthcare
Healthcare has made huge progress. It has iradicated epidemics that used to kill thousands. AI can improve diagnosis and innovate predictiveness, thereby paving the way for curing many diseases that were considered incurable. Artificial Neural Networks are used as clinical decision support systems for medical diagnoses, such as in concept processing technology in EMR software.AI systems can also be used for scanning digital medical images for typical appearances and to highlight conspicuous sections, such as possible diseases. Research is in progress on how AI can be used to track blood glucose levels, predict heart diseases etc.

Transportation
In order to automate gearboxes in automobiles , Fuzzy logic controllers play a key role. Self driving cars have already become the talk of the town. The autonomous vehicles will definitely make headway in the transportation system as a whole. Traffic jams can be eliminated by deploying AI based traffic management systems. Drone air taxis can enable people to commute through air if they are launched successfully in the coming future. In case of airways flight delays can be predicted with the help of AI.

Games
AI has greatly impacted the gaming industry.AlphaGo and AlphaGo Zero are indeed one of the best achievement for the gaming community.AI based AlphaGo defeated a human whereas AI based AlphaGo Zero defeated an AI based AlphaGo.The industry is also keen to harness the potential of AI by creating video games that can provide real world experiences.

Music
Technology is shaping the way music is being produced by the musicians and received by the audience. With AI it is possible to create systems that can emulate the skills of a musician. Streaming platforms are using AI to provide personalized user experience to their intended audience.

Agriculture
AI can surely build systems that can help farmers to gain better crop yield by sustainable use of resources. The weather conditions can be predicted before handedly allowing the farmer to take precautions to protect crops. Nutrient deficiencies in the soil can be detected and soil restoration techniques can be provided.

Space Exploration
At present space programs are announced every now and then, and AI and machine learning has a major role to play in order to manipulate and draw insights from the data which is already available and also the data that is captured during new explorations.

Education
AI can be used in speech recognition softwares that can help faculties and students, majorly those children who find it difficult to write since they struggle with spellings and word recognition.AI can also predict the knowledge gaps and thus the suitable study material can be provided to students to overcome the existing knowledge gap. Virtual learning platforms can be build with the help of AI. Instructors can be benefitted by providing them with personalized learning plans and they can get rid of their unnecessary workloads. Various tools can be created that will enable students to grasp even the complex topics of distinct subjects in quite easy and simple manner.